- The Usefulness of SurePath(TM) Liquid-Based Smear in Sono-Guided Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration; a Comparison of a Conventional Smear and SurePath(TM) Liquid-Based Cytology.
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Dong Hoon Kim, Min Kyung Kim, Seoung Wan Chae, Kyoung Bun Lee, Eun Mee Han, Sung Hee Kang, Jin Hee Sohn
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Korean J Cytopathol. 2007;18(2):143-152.
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- Sono-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) of the thyroid is widely used, but the aspirated samples are typically not well preserved and low cellularity makes diagnosis difficult in many cases. The object of the current study is to evaluate the adequacy and diagnostic accuracy of the use of SurePath(TM) liquid-based cytology (SP-LBC) in the sonoguided fine needle aspiration of the thyroid nodule and to compare its use with that of the use of a conventional smear (CS). A total of 172 sono-guided FNAs of thyroid nodules from April to June, 2006 were prepared by the use of the split method with either SP-LBC or CS; the samples were stained with the use of hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Papanicolaou (Pap) stains. A cyto-histological correlation was performed in 69 (30 SP and 39 CS) cases that had been histologically confirmed. The rate of producing unsatisfactory slides by the use of the SP-LBC method (9.3%) was less than that of the use of the CS method (20.9%). The diagnostic accuracy of the SP method (93.3%) was better than that of the CS method (85.3%). The sensitivity and specificity of the SP method (94.4% and 92.3%) was better than that of the CS method (83.3% and 70%), respectively (p<0.05). The CS of sono-guided aspirated specimens had some unavoidable limitations related to inadequate sampling such as a bloody background, low cellularity and an indication that some clinicians smeared many useless slides (averaging four to ten slides), and that most slides showed only blood that included few follicular cells. The SP method resulted in more thinly smeared slides and showed cleaner background and greater cellularity than the use of the CS method. Each follicular cell shows superior nuclear detail, and more distinct cytoplasmic features than with the use of the CS method. SP-LBC appears to be an easy, highly accurate, and reliable cytological method for employ for a diagnostic approach of thyroid disease and thyroid nodules. The SP-LBC method is a suitable alternative to the CS method to overcome diagnostic difficulties.
- Differential Diagnosis of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Benign Lymphadenopathy.
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Eun Mee Han, Dong Eun Song, Dae Un Eom, Hye Jeong Choi, Hee Jeong Cha, Jooryung Huh
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Korean J Cytopathol. 2006;17(2):99-107.
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- In the investigation of superficial lymphadenopathy of unknown cause, fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology plays an invaluable role. It enables the differentiation of benign lymphadenopathy from lymphoid and non-lymphoid malignancies, obviating the need for open biopsy, and allowing the triage of patients. Cytopathologists should be familiar with the typical FNA patterns of benign lymphadenopathy, and recognize and differentiate among categories. In a minority of cases of benign lymphadenopathy, FNA can render a specific diagnosis. Benign lymphadenopathies are generally categorized into reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH), inflammatory or infectious processes, and benign lymphoproliferative disorders. RLH characteristically presents with a heterogeneous and polymorphous smear composed of normal cellular constituents of lymph nodes, in contrast with the homogeneous or monomorphic smear of most lymphomas. The caveat is that various malignant disorders may also present with polymorphous populations. It is also important to recognize thatbenign lymphoid smears may sometimes contain atypical cells that raise the suspicion of malignancy. Clinical information should always be the integral part of the diagnostic criteria in FNA of lymphadenopathy. If there is any doubt about the benign nature of the smear, it is prudent to suggest biopsy and ancillary studies.
- Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of the Plasmablastic Lymphoma in Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV) Negative Patient: A Case Report.
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Hyang Im Lee, Hyun Ryung Koo, Eun Mee Han, Gyungyub Gong, Chulwon Suh, Min Hee Ryu, Yoon Goo Kang, Chan Jeong Park, Jooryung Huh
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Korean J Cytopathol. 2005;16(1):47-51.
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- Plasmablastic lymphoma(PBL) is a recently described aggressive B-cell neoplasm, which usually manifests as a localized disease of the oral mucosa in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). Recently, we encountered a case of plasmablastic lymphoma manifesting in the left maxillary sinus and cervical lymph node of a previously healthy HIV-negative man, 48 years of age. we conducted a fine-needle aspiration smear of the cervical lymph node, and this was found to be highly cellular with numerous large cells exhibiting eccentrically positioned nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and moderate quantities of basophilic cytoplasm. A biopsy of the mass in the maxillary sinus evidenced diffuse growth of similar plasmablastic cells. These tumor cells were negative for the leukocyte common antigens, CD20, CD3, CD30, and EMA. However, the cells tested positive for CD79a and CD138/syndecan-1. The tumor cells also exhibited L-light-chain restriction. The Ki-67 proliferation index was measured at almost 100%. The patient was diagnosed with plasmablastic lymphoma. After three cycles of combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the patient went into complete remission, and currently remains in this state.
- Comparative Analysis of Serum Mannose-Binding Lectin in Normal Population and Patients with Different Types of Cancer.
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Bum Joon Kim, Young Sik Kim, Eun Mee Han, Eung Seok Lee, Nam Hee Won, Geung Hwan Ahn, Dale Lee, Bom Woo Yeom
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Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(5):306-310.
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- BACKGROUND
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a serum protein of innate immunity. Its genetic mutations lead to deficiency of serum MBL and recurrent pyogenic infection in childhood.
However, little is known about the frequency of its gene mutations or serum levels in Korean population and patients with cancers.
METHODS
We studied the mutational genotypes of MBL exon 1 codon 52, 54, and 57 or serum MBL levels from 102 normal adults and 228 cases of breast, stomach, colon, uterine cervical, and lung cancers by allele-specific PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS
MBL gene mutations were found in 32 of 102 normal adults (31.4%), and were restricted only to exon 1 codon 54 showing homozygous (n=5, 4.9%) or heterozygous mutations (n=27, 26.5%). Mean and median serum MBL in the patients with cancers were increased (2,647+/-1,742 and 2,915 ng/mL, mean+/-S.D. and median) than those of normal adults (1,906+/-1,359 and 1,758 ng/mL). Serum MBL level was significantly increased in the patients with stomach, uterine cervical, colon, and lung cancers.
CONCLUSION
Our results indicate that the frequency and pattern of MBL gene mutations and its serum level is very similar among northeastern Asian populations. In addition, MBL might be involved in an immunologic response against common cancers, although further studies are needed.
- Uterine Tumor Resembling Ovarian Sex-Cord Tumor: A Case Report of the Cytologic Finding.
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Insun Kim, Eun Mee Han, Woon Yong Jung, Ju Han Lee, Bum Woo Yeom
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Korean J Cytopathol. 2003;14(2):71-75.
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- Uterine stromal tumors with features of ovarian sex-cord differentiation are relatively rare. The neoplasms composed of sex cord-like components in more than 50% of the tumor are classified as group II. We report the cytologic findings of a case of uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex-cord tumor. The cervical smears of a 62-year-old woman with submucosal tumor showed loose aggregates of spindle cells as well as glandular or tubular structures of round cells with a distinct cell membrane and a prominent small nucleolus.
Because uterine stromal tumor can have sex cord differentiation, its possibility should be considered in the interpretation of cervical smears.
- Prostatic Tissue in Ovarian Mature Cystic Teratoma: A case report.
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Seung Mo Hong, Mi Sun Choe, Eun Mee Han, Hun Kyung Lee, Jae Y Ro
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Korean J Pathol. 1999;33(7):525-528.
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- Ovarian mature cystic teratoma containing benign prostatic tissue is rare and only 11 cases have been reported in the literature to date.
We report a case of mature cystic teratoma of the ovary containing prostatic tissue. A 23-year-old female patient came to our hospital complaining of irregular menstruation for 3 months. Her menarche had occurred when she was 13 years old. The patient showed no evidence of virilization nor of endocrinopathy. A goose-egg-sized mass was palpable in the left lower abdomen on physical examination. Ultrasonography revealed a cystic ovarian mass with internal echogenecity. Microscopic finding was consistent with that of usual mature cystic teratoma except for a 1.5 cm focus of prostatic and bladder tissues. Prostatic tissue demonstrated strong immunoreactivity for prostatic specific antigen (PSA), prostatic alkaline phosphatase (PAP) and cytokeratin 7. Basal cells of the prostate glands were positive for high molecular weight cytokeratin (34betaE12).
Although ovarian mature cystic teratoma containing prostatic tissue has been reported as a rare occurrence, a careful examination with immunohistochemical staining may increase the detection of prostatic tissue in mature cystic teratoma of the ovary.
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